For
the
first time in nearly 60 years, a
state is poised to reverse its
“right to work” law and begin to
undo the damage of a
corporate-driven anti-union trend.
Michigan
is
expected very soon to reverse
its so-called “right-to-work”
(RTW) law. The repeal, led by
Democrats and passing along
strictly partisan lines, is a
concrete outcome of the liberal
party winning
a
narrow majority
of seats in the state’s House and
Senate last November and
Democratic governor Gretchen
Whitmer winning reelection.
Democrats managed to outdo
Republican-led gerrymandering on
Election Day and now hold a
two-seat advantage in each
chamber.
Showing
more
party discipline than their
counterparts have tended to muster
at the federal level in recent
years, Michigan Democrats have
wasted no time in using their slim
legislative advantage in pushing
through a repeal of their state’s
RTW law. Whitmer
is expected to approve the repeal
when it reaches her desk.
RTW
laws
are a particularly insidious
conservative ploy to undermine
unions. The idea, which
conservatives glibly couch in
terms of “freedom,”
is
to prevent unions from collecting
mandatory fees from members to
sustain themselves. Unions require
such fees in order to fund the
operations of serving and
representing their members. It’s
the same with any club that offers
perks — membership dues fund
operations.
Unions
gained
the right to do this under the 1935
National Labor
Relations Act.
But less than a decade later, that
right was eroded when Congress
passed the 1947 Labor
Management Relations
Act,
also known as Taft-Hartley, which
first opened the door for RTW
laws. In 2018, conservative
justices at the United States
Supreme Court ruled
in favor
of such laws for public sector
workers, adding momentum to the
rightward shift.
The
National
Labor
Relations Board
explains the current state of the
Republican-led anti-union trend in
this way: “If you work in a state
that bans union-security
agreements (27 states), each
employee at a workplace must
decide whether or not to join the
union and pay dues, even though
all workers are protected by the
collective bargaining agreement
negotiated by the union. The union
is still required to represent all
workers.” Imagine calling AAA and
demanding its roadside benefits
without paying the auto club’s
modest yearly fee.
Recognizing
that
dues are a source of unions’
financial power, Republicans used
every advantage, including ill-gotten
ones
like gerrymandered districts, to
push through RTW laws in more than
half of all states. They used
deceptive language — who doesn’t
want the right to work? — and
convinced voters it was in their
interest to weaken unions without
saying the laws were intended to
weaken unions. Americans
for
Prosperity,
a conservative pro-business think
tank that we are expected to
believe cares about workers’
rights, claimed that RTW laws were
about “permitting workers the
freedom to decide for themselves
whether they want to join a union
and pay dues.”
For
years,
I was required to pay dues to my
union, SAG-AFTRA,
because California, where I live,
is not an RTW state. I did so
happily, because even at the
nonprofit community radio station
where I worked, management was
continuously trying to lower
operating costs at the expense of
workers’ wages and benefits. Union
representation helped stave off
staff cuts, represented workers in
grievance filings, and became our
collective voice during contract
negotiations. Unions are not just
for corporate or government
workplaces. They are not just for
poorly treated or underpaid
workers at Amazon, Starbucks, or
Walmart. All nonmanagement workers
deserve the kind of power that a
union brings. And it’s precisely
that power that conservative
lawmakers have been (successfully)
chipping away at.
The
data
is clear: those states where RTW
laws have been on the books show
lower rates of unionization and
lower wages overall. A June 2022
paper published in the National
Bureau
of Economic Research
examined five states where such
laws had been in effect since
2011. The researchers concluded
unequivocally that, “RTW laws
lower wages and unionization
rates.”
According
to
the Economic Policy Institute —
which has come to similar data-driven
conclusions
as the aforementioned paper — Michigan’s
reversal
of the GOP’s anti-union statute
would be “the first time a state
has repealed a RTW law in nearly
60 years.” The victory is all the
more significant because of the
state’s historic position as
having had “the highest
unionization rate in the country”
and correspondingly high median
wages before Republicans passed an
RTW law in 2012. But in the past
decade, unionization rates and
wages both fell in Michigan. In
other words, the state’s RTW law
had its intended result.
Now,
following
Michigan, Democrats in other RTW
states such as Arizona
and Virginia
have introduced laws to restore
union power. At the federal level,
Senator Elizabeth Warren has
reintroduced the Nationwide
Right
to Unionize Act,
which would repeal all RTW state
laws. The PRO
Act
would similarly restore the right
of unions to collect member dues
nationally.
Conservative
Republicans
are likely terrified of how
Michigan might embolden pro-union
momentum across the country.
Unsurprisingly, Fox
News
published an op-ed by billionaire
Doug
DeVos
denouncing the repeal of
Michigan’s anti-union law. DeVos’s
Michigan-based family made its
fortune on Amway, a business that
Jacobin’s
Rachel
T. Johnson
called, “the world’s biggest
pyramid scheme.” (If the name
sounds familiar, he is indeed the
brother-in-law of former Education
Secretary under Donald Trump; Betsy
DeVos.)
Doug
Devos’s Fox News op-ed is titled, “I know
firsthand how much right to work matters,”
which might be a true enough statement
coming from a billionaire whose family
made its fortune on the backs of workers.
He also identified precisely that “What’s
happening in Michigan is the direct result
of the November elections. Democrats won
control of the legislature for the first
time in nearly four decades.”
But then
he veered into the kind of unproven claims
that only a pyramid schemer might have the
gall to make openly, that “right-to-work
states have seen faster job growth, faster
income growth, and faster population
growth.” He also cited, without proof
(after all, it’s Fox News!), that
Michigan’s RTW law led to “rising
incomes,” and “falling unemployment and
poverty.”
Ultimately,
DeVos
is worried that “Repealing right to work
will send a message that our state… will
suffer from… less freedom.” And there
again is that vague buzzword, freedom.
What DeVos really means but doesn’t say is
that he thinks workers deserve the freedom
to live under the thumb of their corporate
bosses, the freedom to remain in jobs that
pay less and less, and the freedom to walk
away from poorly paid jobs.
Freedom
is
the blank slate on which
conservatives have projected their
wildest profit-driven fantasies.
But those fantasies are the flip
side of their fears of worker
power. It’s no surprise that RTW
laws stemmed from the Taft-Hartley
Act, a pro-business law intended
to curb the power of multiracial
worker
movements.
Reverend
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. presciently
said, “In our glorious fight for civil
rights, we must guard against being fooled
by false slogans, such as ‘right to work.’
It is a law to rob us of our civil rights
and job rights.” In the war of words over
freedom, Dr. King beats DeVos any day.
This
commentary
was produced by Economy
for
All,
a project of the Independent
Media Institute.