In an
attempt to dole out advice on the n-word, popular talk radio
host Dr. Laura Schlessinger slipped into a rant using it.
When a caller -- a distraught African American women who
called in to be advised on how to handle racist jokes
and comments hurled at her by her white in-laws and neighbors
-- asked Schlessinger if it�s okay to use the n-word, Dr.
Laura needed advice before she advised.
"It depends how it�s said. ...Black guys talking to
each other seem to think it�s OK," Schlessinger told
the caller.
Whether used as an expletive or term of endearment, what
is it about this word that captures the rage and shame of
the American public?
In December 2006 we blamed Michael Richards, who played
the lovable and goofy character Kramer on the TV sit-com
"Seinfeld" for using the n-word. The racist rant
was heard nationwide and shocked not only his fans and audience
that night at the Laugh Factory in West Hollywood but it
also shocked Americans back to an ugly era in U.S. history.
In
July 2008 we heard the Rev. Jessie Jackson used the n-word
referring to Obama. And Jackson�s use of the word not only
reminded us of its history, but also how the n-word can
slip so approvingly from the mouth of a man who was part
of a cadre of African Americans leaders burying the n-word
once and for all in a mock funeral at the 98th annual NAACP�s
convention in Detroit in 2007.
While it is easy to get sidetracked by raising queries about
the tenor and intent of the repetitive use of the n-word
in the context of supposed humor as in Richard�s case, vilification
as in Jackson�s or advice as in Schlessinger�s case, we
must as Americans look at the systemic problem of what happens
when an epithet like the n-word, which was once hurled at
African Americans in this country and banned from polite
conversation, now has a broad-based cultural acceptance
in our society today.
Popularized by young African Americans� use of it in hip
hop music, the bantering and bickering over this word today
is no longer about who has been harmed or hurt by its use,
but who has the right to use it, which is why Richards and
Schlessinger were publicly pulverized, and Jackson wasn�t.
But, our culture�s present-day cavalier use of the n-word
speaks less about our rights to free speech and more about
how we as Americans -- both White and Black -- have become
anesthetized to the damaging and destructive use of this
epithet.
Many African Americans -- not just the hip hop generation
-- state that reclaiming the n-word serves as an act of
group agency and as a form of resistance against the dominant
culture�s use of it, and therefore the epithet gives only
them a license to use it.
However, the notion that it is acceptable for African Americans
to refer to each other using the n-word while considering
it racist for others outside the race unquestionably sets
up a double standard. Also, the notion that one ethnic group
has property rights to the term is a reductio ad absurdum
argument, since language is a public enterprise.
African Americans� appropriation of the n-word as insiders
neither obliterates the historical baggage with which the
word is fraught nor obliterates its concomitant social relations
among Blacks and between Whites and Blacks. Just because
some African Americans use the term does not negate our
long history of self-hatred.
The n-word is firmly embedded in the lexicon of racist language
that was and still is used to disparage African Americans.
However, today the meaning of the n-word is all in how one
spells it. By dropping the "er" ending and replacing
it with either an "a" or "ah" ending,
the term morphs into one of endearment. But, many slaveholders
pronounced the n-word with the "a" ending, and
in the 1920s many African Americans use the "a"
ending as a pejorative term to denote class differences
among themselves.
In 2003, the NAACP convinced Merriam-Webster lexicographers
to change the definition of the n-word in the dictionary
to no longer mean African Americans but instead to be defined
as a racial slur. And, while the battle to change the n-word
in the American lexicon was a long and arduous one, our
culture�s neo-revisionist use of the n-word makes it even
harder to purge the sting of the word from the American
psyche.
Why? Because language is a representation of culture.
Language re-inscribes and perpetuates the ideas and assumptions
about race, gender, and sexual orientation we consciously
and unconsciously articulate in our everyday conversations
about ourselves and the rest of the world, and consequently
transmit generationally.
Many activists argue that Richards� repentance at the time
should be volunteer work in a predominately African American
community anywhere in the county. However, he would find
there too that many of us keep the n-word alive.
But
what would work for us all is a history lesson, because
reclaiming racist words like the n-word does not eradicate
its historical baggage and its existing racial relations
among us. Instead, it dislodges the word from its historical
context and makes us insensitive and arrogant to the historical
injustice done to a specific group of Americans. It also
allows Americans to become unconscious and numb in the use
and abuse of the power and currency this racial epithet
still has, thwarting the daily struggle many of us Americans
work hard at in trying to ameliorate race relations.
BlackCommentator.com Editorial Board member, the Rev. Irene Monroe, is a
religion columnist, theologian, and public speaker. She is the Coordinator of the African-American Roundtable of the Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies in Religion and Ministry
(CLGS) at the Pacific School of Religion. A native of Brooklyn, Rev. Monroe is a graduate from Wellesley
College and Union Theological Seminary at Columbia University,
and served as a pastor at an African-American church before
coming to Harvard Divinity School for her doctorate as a
Ford Fellow. She was recently named to MSNBC�s list of 10 Black Women You Should Know. Reverend Monroe is the author
of Let Your Light Shine Like a Rainbow Always: Meditations on Bible
Prayers for Not�So�Everyday Moments. As an African-American feminist theologian, she speaks for
a sector of society that is frequently invisible. Her website is irenemonroe.com. Click here to contact the Rev. Monroe. |