I was going to let Black
History Month pass without contributing an article this
year because nothing particularly interesting sparked me
to write. Then a couple things happened.
First, the associate pastor of my predominantly
white church read Toure’s book, Who's
Afraid of Post-Blackness?. The book motivated her
- a white woman - to invite me to talk to the congregation
about what it means to be Black in 2012. Later that week,
during an unrelated call with an LGBT Liaison for the City
of Los Angeles Police Department, I had a brief discussion
on the benefits of having LGBT Heritage Month here in L.A.
These talks sparked my desire to write, once
again, about Black History Month - an observance I experience
with mixed feelings.
On the one hand, I enjoy all the PBS specials
and other documentaries that get aired in February. But
on the other hand, I’ve always had this gnawing sense that
with the exception of official national holidays, the only
time our nation honors a group of people with a special
day or month is if that group has been historically exploited
and somehow needs to be appeased.
I’m sure I’ll get some feedback on this but
Secretaries’ Day comes to mind. I’ve always felt that Hallmark,
FTD, and local eateries are the biggest beneficiaries of
that day. Every secretary I’ve ever known has preferred
to be acknowledged for their contributions and to receive
financial compensation commensurate with the duties and
responsibilities of their jobs. Instead, in addition to
continuing to be underpaid and overworked, they now get
an annual bouquet of flowers, a free lunch, and a card.
My goal in writing this piece is not to minimize
the importance of Black History Month by likening it to
Secretaries’ Day but, in my opinion, it gets similar treatment,
which is that the honor does little to improve the conditions
that served as the impetus to create it in the first place.
Furthermore, it can serve to prolong the conditions by appearing
to be a remedy, especially to those outside the group.
Black History Month - described by Wikipedia
as “an annual observance for remembrance of important people
and events in the history of the African Diaspora” - was
established in 1926 by the son of a slave, Carter G. Woodson,
who wanted to educate all people about the
contributions black men and women have made throughout history.
What began as a week of remembrance grew to a month and
for good reason. It was sorely needed. Back in 1926, Blacks
had virtually no presence in the public sphere of American
life in spite of the enormously disproportion share of sacrifice
made by Blacks to build this country. Since its inception,
February has come to be identified as the
time to applaud achievements of Blacks. While these are
noble endeavors, was this all that Carter G. Woodson intended?
Did Woodson envision a time set aside by
the dominant culture that simply gratifies Blacks’ need
to be acknowledged, while at the same time maintains the
Euro-centric American History tradition taught in the vast
majority of our nation’s public and private schools where
African-Americans are rarely mentioned anywhere but the
chapters that cover slavery, Brown v. Board of Education,
and desegregation?
Although Woodson wanted all
Americans to be educated about the tremendous contributions
made by African-Americans across all aspects of our history,
would he have been satisfied to know that the month is generally
recognized exclusively by African-Americans and that it’s
doubtful the rest of the country thinks twice about it except
maybe to ask, “Why do they get a month?”
When this time of the year rolls around,
besides the PBS specials, there are a smattering of obligatory
programs at educational institutions and even at workplaces
such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), where I
worked for more than 20 years. Each year, during Black History
Month, JPL puts on a big program with guest speakers and
entertainment for its 5,000-plus employees. And every year,
the elephant in the room is the lack of attendance by anyone
but the Black employees and a few senior managers who are
obliged by their positions to attend.
In fact, one thing that is made undeniably
clear during this program is the racial divide that exists
between the rank and file and management at NASA’s Jet Propulsion
Laboratory. The front row of the auditorium where the program
is presented is reserved for the leadership, which is almost
entirely white. The rest of the seats, the ones for the
rank and file, are filled with the Lab’s relatively few
Black employees.
The founder of Black History Month, Carter
G. Woodson, passed away just a few years before the Brown
v. Board of Education decision was handed down by the
Supreme Court - a decision he undoubtedly would have favored.
Perhaps Woodson’s work impacted the 1954 decision of the
court. But how would Woodson assess the status of Blacks
in America
today where in all major indexes used gauge social and economic
wellness, Blacks consistently come out at the bottom. Unemployment,
incarceration, healthcare, education, foreclosure rates,
infancy mortality, success in business or even the entertainment
industry - we’re always at the bottom.
Recently, Freakonomics - an online site that
uncovers the hidden side of lots of things - reported on
a research project conducted by a pair of economists seeking
to determine if race impacts the sale of products online.
The economists placed hundreds of ads selling iPods in local
online markets. The picture in each ad simply showed someone’s
hand holding an iPod. The model’s body was not shown. The
researchers randomly altered whether the hand holding the
iPod was black, white, or white with a big tattoo. Here
is what they found:
“Black
sellers do worse than white sellers on a variety of market
outcome measures: they receive 13% fewer responses and 17%
fewer offers. These effects are strongest in the Northeast,
and are similar in magnitude to those associated with the
display of a wrist tattoo. Conditional on receiving at least
one offer, black sellers also receive 2-4% lower offers,
despite the self selected - and presumably less biased -
pool of buyers. In addition, buyers corresponding with black
sellers exhibit lower trust: they are 17% less likely to
include their name in e-mails, 44% less likely to accept
delivery by mail, and 56% more likely to express concern
about making a long-distance payment. We find evidence that
black sellers suffer particularly poor outcomes in thin
markets; it appears that discrimination may not “survive”
in the presence of significant competition among buyers.
Furthermore, black sellers do worst in the most racially
isolated markets and markets with high property crime rates,
suggesting a role for statistical discrimination in explaining
the disparity.”
This year, Red Tails, a major motion picture
about the Tuskegee Airman, was released around Black History
Month. In making the film, legendary executive producer
George Lucas confronted so much adversity that he eventually
had to spend his own money to get the movie made. Speaking
frankly about the opposition he confronted, Lucas told Jon
Stewart, Oprah Winfrey and others, that he spent $58 million
of his own money to fund the project after being denied
financial support by major movie studios due to the film’s
all-black cast. “There’s no major white roles in it at all...I
showed it to all of them and they said ‘No”, said Lucas.
In the 86 years since Carter G. Woodson founded
what has come to be known as Black History Month, there
have been some gains but not as many one would expect if
one were to believe the rhetoric espoused by those who claim
we live in a post-racial era.
For those who would ask, “Why do they get
a month?”, I’d respond that I don’t know that having a month
is serving us well. Of course, I’ll never know but I just
wonder, if we’d fully integrate American History textbooks
so that learning about the contributions of all people would
be required in all schools, would we be closer to achieving
Woodson’s objective? Are we perpetuating racism by separately
focusing on Black History month?
The injustice of racism wasn’t created by
the people who currently live in America and it isn’t just a Black problem or a
Latino problem or a people of color problem. It is an American
problem that has negative implications for all Americans.
It is part of the legacy we all inherited when we came into
this society.
In his book Privilege,
Power, and Difference,
author and professor Allan G. Johnson asserts that we cannot
solve the problem of racism or sexism or any of the other
-isms unless people who have privilege - people of the dominant
group - feel obligated to make the problem of privilege
their problem and take steps to do something about it.
Speaking of racism, Johnson, who is a white
male, goes on to say, “It means I have to do something to
create the possibility for my African American friend and
me to have a conversation about race, gender and us, rather
than leave it to her to take all the risks and do all the
work. The fact that it’s so easy for me and other people
in dominant groups not to do this is the single most powerful
barrier to change.” Do we make it all the more easy by separating
the celebration of Black icons such that places like my
former place of employment, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
have events that only Blacks attend?
86 years ago, when Carter G. Woodson established
Negro History Week, the precursor to Black History Month,
he was living in the Jim Crow South. In 2012, we have the
New Jim Crow of the prison-industrial complex, educational
institutions that are more segregated than they were in
1954, and an internet where I’m having a heck of a time
selling my iPod. Malcolm X once said, “Racism is like a
Cadillac, they come out with a new model every year”. Maybe
it’s time for us to come out with a new model for Black
History Month.
BlackCommentator.com
Editorial Board Member and Columnist Sharon Kyle, JD, is
the Co-Founder and Publisher of the LA
Progressive an online social justice magazine. With
her husband Dick, she publishes several other print and
online newsletters on political and social justice issues.
In addition to her work with the LA Progressive, Ms. Kyle
holds a Juris Doctorate, is an adjunct professor at Peoples
College of Law in Los Angeles, and sits on the board of
the ACLU Pasadena/Foothills Chapter and the Progressive
Caucus of the California Democratic Party. Click here
to contact the LA Progressive and Ms. Kyle.
|