For over twenty-two years, the National Coalition of Black for Reparations in America / N`COBRA, has been at the forefront of the Reparations Movement. In this regard, the 22nd Annual National N`COBRA Conference will be held in Chicago, Illinois June 24-26, 2011 at the 6th Grace Presbyterian Church, 600 East 35th Street. It is important that we use this occasion to revisit and revise the Reparations Movement in America. In this context, I am sharing this background information on important aspects of the development of our Reparations organizing during the last twenty years on the international level.

Our great historian and departed ancestor, Dr. John Henrik Clarke described in his classic book, Notes for an African World Revolution, that "The idea of uniting all Africa had its greatest development early in this [20th] century.� In this context, Reparations for African people will never die.

Dr. Clarke wrote, "In 1900, the Trinidadian lawyer, H. Sylvester Williams called together the first Pan African Conference in London. This meeting attracted attention and put the word Pan African in the dictionaries for the first time.�

According to Dr. Clarke, there were only thirty delegates to the conference, and they came mainly from England, the Caribbean, and the United States. Dr. W. E. B. DuBois led the small delegation from the United States. When we use the term Pan Africanism we must be very clear. Pan Africanism is the belief that people of African ancestry throughout the world have the same racial and cultural characteristics and the same social and economic conditions as a result of our African origin.

The Pan African component of the Reparations Movement launched its first international conference on Reparations in Lagos, Nigeria in December of 1990. After that conference, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) set up a Group of Eminent Persons (GEP), in June 1992. Its aim was to work out the different ways in which to proceed, and secure technical advisors, who would help solve some of the difficulties associated with the claim for reparations.

A second conference on Reparations was held in Abuja, Nigeria in 1993, attended by representatives from throughout the Diaspora. That conference issued a declaration, "The Abuja Proclamation,� which called for a national reparations committee to be established throughout Africa and the Diaspora. The African Reparations Movement (UK) was formed in 1993, as a result of this proclamation.

It is important that we understand that the idea of Reparations has caught on with the masses of African people worldwide, in spite of the opposition of the forces of white supremacy.

A delegation from the United States, led by the late Dr. Jacob H. Carruthers and the late Dr. Ron Walters, participated in Abuja�s First Pan African Conference and reported back to the leaders of the Reparations Movement, in this country, their observations and analysis of the conference.

As we think about Pan Africanism and continue our struggle, let us reflect on the contributions of our ancestor, Malcolm X. We must remember his role in helping to stimulate the Pan African Movement that we stand on today as we fight for Reparations for African people throughout the world.

In Malcolm�s last visit to Africa before his untimely departure from us, he visited the President of Ghana; Osagyefo Dr. Kwam� Nkrumah. Malcolm gave this account of the meeting in his autobiography. Malcolm said, "We discussed the unity of Africans and people of African descent. We agreed that Pan Africanism was the key also to the problems of those of African heritage� My time with him was up all too soon. I promised faithfully that when I returned to the United States, I would relay to Afro-Americans his personal warm regards.�

There is no doubt that the spirit of Malcolm and other great Pan African leaders are helping to keep Reparations for African people alive.

"The Abuja Proclamation� should be the basis for our continued organizing of the Reparations Movement throughout the world. These ideas are still relevant to our organizing work in the Reparations Movement today. The following are some of the key points presented in "The Abuja Proclamation: on April 27-29, 1993:

We must always remember what Dr. Clarke taught us and that is, "powerful people never teach powerless people how to take power away from them!� Reparations for African people will never die!

BlackCommentator.com Columnist, Conrad W. Worrill, PhD, is the National Chairman Emeritus of the National Black United Front (NBUF). Click here to contact Dr. Worrill.