The Decline in African-American Representation
In Unions and Manufacturing, 1979-2006
By John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer
Center for Economic and Policy Research
TABLE 4
Distribution of Union Workers by Race or Ethnicity, 1983-2006 (Percent)
|
|
Black |
White |
Hispanic |
Other |
Overall |
|
1979 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
|
1980 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
|
1981 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
|
1982 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
|
1983 |
13.7 |
78.1 |
5.8 |
2.4 |
100.0 |
|
1984 |
14.1 |
77.3 |
6.1 |
2.5 |
100.0 |
|
1985 |
14.1 |
76.6 |
6.9 |
2.4 |
100.0 |
|
1986 |
14.1 |
76.2 |
6.9 |
2.8 |
100.0 |
|
1987 |
14.2 |
75.8 |
7.2 |
2.8 |
100.0 |
|
1988 |
14.8 |
75.2 |
7.1 |
2.9 |
100.0 |
|
1989 |
14.9 |
75.3 |
6.9 |
2.9 |
100.0 |
|
1990 |
14.3 |
75.6 |
7.1 |
3.0 |
100.0 |
|
1991 |
14.4 |
74.7 |
7.7 |
3.2 |
100.0 |
|
1992 |
14.6 |
74.6 |
7.6 |
3.2 |
100.0 |
|
1993 |
14.5 |
74.9 |
7.7 |
2.9 |
100.0 |
|
1994 |
14.7 |
73.6 |
8.4 |
3.3 |
100.0 |
|
1995 |
15.1 |
73.5 |
8.4 |
3.0 |
100.0 |
|
1996 |
14.7 |
73.1 |
8.7 |
3.5 |
100.0 |
|
1997 |
14.6 |
72.8 |
8.9 |
3.7 |
100.0 |
|
1998 |
14.9 |
72.2 |
9.1 |
3.8 |
100.0 |
|
1999 |
14.7 |
72.1 |
9.3 |
3.9 |
100.0 |
|
2000 |
14.9 |
71.5 |
9.7 |
3.9 |
100.0 |
|
2001 |
14.7 |
71.6 |
9.7 |
4.0 |
100.0 |
|
2002 |
14.9 |
71.4 |
9.5 |
4.2 |
100.0 |
|
2003 |
14.3 |
69.6 |
11.0 |
5.1 |
100.0 |
|
2004 |
13.5 |
70.1 |
11.0 |
5.4 |
100.0 |
|
2005 |
13.7 |
69.4 |
11.5 |
5.4 |
100.0 |
|
2006 |
14.0 |
69.2 |
11.5 |
5.3 |
100.0 |
Source: Authors'
analysis of CEPR extract of the Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation
Group. Union workers are either members of a union or covered by a collective-bargaining
agreement.