For
once, the New York Post got it right, when last week it ran a story
about the steel-producing Mahoning Valley of Ohio, where 40 years
ago, thousands of workers showed up on a bright fall day to find out
that they were no longer needed and were being permanently laid off.
Just
like that: One day, one notice, and the entire force of 5,000
workers at Youngstown Sheet and Tube was out of work with no
prospects of ever finding a job that would allow them to earn the
same level of pay and standard of living. But that wasn’t all
there was.
According
to the Post, “Within the next 18 months, US Steel announced
that the nation’s largest steel producer was also shutting down
16 plants across the nation including their Ohio Works in Youngstown,
a move that eliminated an additional 4,000 workers here. That
announcement came one day before Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp. said
they were cutting thousands of jobs at their facilities in the
Mahoning Valley, too.”
What
followed was a mass exodus of jobs and people from the region,
according to the Post, such that, “If a bomb had hit this
region, the scar would be no less severe on its landscape.”
The
question is whether that fateful day could be marked as the beginning
of the end of the working class, the class that had progressed to a
considerable period of good pay and benefits and stable communities
to one of destruction of the entire class.
Even
though many mark the demise of a healthy working class as beginning
on the day that Ronald Reagan fired the air traffic controllers and
destroyed their union, the Post, according to the headline on Sept.
16, was “the day that destroyed the working class and sowed the
seeds of Trump.”
Whether
the demise of the working class is reckoned from that day in
Youngstown or in Reagan’s America of 1981, the effect has been
the same. The people who work for wages, and that’s the bulk
of Americans, have lost what little power they had in the nation’s
economy. They could not stop the exodus of well-paying jobs in
manufacturing, when the means of manufacturing were owned by giant
corporations that cared little about the workers and the communities
in which they were located, and took their economic substance to
other countries that were producing steel and other basic industrial
products at much lower costs. Their profits soared and that’s
all they would look at until today.
It
does not matter whether the demise of the working class is set in
1970s Ohio or Reagan’s 1981 America, those who rule America
have been hammering at the strength of workers for generations, but
increased the effort many fold since World War II. How have they
done that? By chipping away at the structure of the only institution
that gave workers power: unions. Over many years, the rich and the
corporations have used every other institution to destroy the power
of unions and, therefore, the power of workers. They have used the
courts, the state legislatures, the Congress, the education systems,
television, magazines, and newspapers.
How
that has happened has been analyzed from many perspectives over many
years, but the result is always the same. The working class has seen
its standard of living reduced, then stabilized at a level much lower
than it was 40 years ago and it has been done by removing the power
that workers have in the workplace, a union contract. Statistics
from numerous academic and government research studies have shown
that wages and household income have seen economic stagnation for the
working class over the past 40 years.
Within
that period, a black steelworker was interviewed at the site of one
of the biggest industrial complexes in the U.S., the Sparrows Point
steel and shipbuilding plant in Baltimore, Maryland. He was speaking
of the hardship of being in a union in a time of continuing racism,
in both the nation at large and in the union. Despite the conditions
for black workers, he said, “A bad union is better than no
union.” The significance of that perception was not lost on
the powers that be: the union made his work possible and tolerable
and provided him with a relatively high standard of living.
By
the 1970s, the good times were coming to an end for the working
class. Corporate America and the rich who run the country ramped up
their attack on workers and the way to do it was to prevent them from
making common cause with their fellow workers, through destruction of
their unions and the union movement. All the while, though, they
protested that they were just against union “bosses,” not
the workers. They went at it with a vengeance and brought the union
movement to its current state: About 11 percent of all workers are
in unions and only about 6 percent of workers in the private sector
are in unions. Compare that with 35 percent of all workers in unions
in the 50s and 60s.
According
to the Post story, the Midwest Center for Research, a study showed
that a steelworker in the late 1970s had an average income of
$24,772.80, while today, the medium household income in the Mahoning
Valley is just $24,133, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics. The politicians’ advice was that workers should
move to where the jobs were and the advice today is pretty much the
same. Workers who are fired or permanently laid off are told to move
to places like Texas, Florida, or some other location where there
might be lots of jobs, which pay half or one-third of their previous
wage.
What’s
as interesting as what happened to the people of the Mahoning Valley
is that the New York Post seemed to be somewhat concerned about the
fate of the working class. Ordinarily, a paper like the Post, a
paper that is well off on the political right, is not concerned at
all about working men and women, especially not concerned about the
fate of unions, workers’ only grip on power (as short a grip as
it might be). The Post’s concern may reflect the worry that
Corporate America is beginning to have about the disparity in wealth
between the top wealth-holders and the rest of us. A society and
economy with that great a gap will not prosper long and, as always,
those on the bottom 30-40 percent of the income ladder suffer the
most.
Many
of the workers and their families who were devastated by the closures
of plants all around voted for Trump, according to the Post. They
did it, because he promised jobs and promised to make America great
again, just as he promised to bring back thousands of jobs in the
coal fields, even though coal is arguably the dirtiest of the fossil
fuels and has been on its way out for years.
If
democracy in the workplace is the key to democracy in the nation (and
it it), the likelihood that democracy will be realized in the U.S. in
the near future is remote. The Trump Administration has found and
continues to find nominees to key positions in the government who are
hostile to workers and their fight for democratic rights on the job.
This has happened with Trump’s appointment of the secretary of
labor, the judiciary (including the U.S. Supreme Court), the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Environmental
Protection Agency, the National Labor Relations Board, and myriad
other positions, where the occupant of the job should be fighting for
workers and their families and communities. Instead, the president’s
appointees are fighting to keep the working class down and to cause
their condition of 40 years ago to stagnate.
If,
as the Post declares, the working class has been killed off in terms
of participation in the body politic, there won’t be far to go
for the entire nation to head in the same direction, because, like it
or not, most Americans work for a paycheck, for wages, and without
their participation in the system, the nation cannot stand. That’s
what is beginning to worry Corporate America and the rich.
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