Fidel
Castro holds a special place among African-Americans for his support
of persecuted black
freedom fighters.
Let
us not forget that when he visited New York in 1959 — fresh off
the revolution — he
met with Malcolm X
and stayed at the Hotel Theresa in Harlem.
After
being disrespected by a posh downtown hotel, Castro stayed uptown
instead, setting up his headquarters at the Hotel Theresa, where
thousands greeted him. In his autobiography, Malcolm
X
said that Castro “achieved a psychological coup over the US
State Department when it confined him to Manhattan, never dreaming
that he’d stay uptown in Harlem and make such an impression
among the Negroes.”
The
Cuban leader would later give a speech at the United Nations in which
he expressed his support for African people. And today, Cuba has
memorials to both Malcolm and Martin
Luther King.
And
Castro expressed his solidarity with black people through actions. He
granted asylum to Black Panthers such as Assata
Shakur
and others — political prisoners who fled the oppression they
faced in America, the “land of the free,” and who were
the victims of J. Edgar Hoover’s war on black liberation, on
civil rights groups and on their leadership.
In
addition, Cuba under Castro fought
apartheid South Africa,
going toe to toe with the army of the white supremacist regime to
defend Angola in its war of independence.
“Who
trained our people, who gave us resources, who helped so many of our
soldiers, our doctors?” Nelson
Mandela
said during his 1991 visit to Cuba.
“The
Cuban people hold a special place in the hearts of the peoples of
Africa. The Cuban internationalists have
made a contribution to African independence,
freedom and justice, unparalleled for its principled and selfless
character,” Mandela noted. “Cubans came to our region as
doctors, teachers, soldiers, agricultural experts, but never as
colonizers. They have shared the same trenches with us in the
struggle against colonialism, underdevelopment, and apartheid.”
“In
Africa we are used to being victims of countries that want to take
from us our territory or overthrow our sovereignty. In African
history there is not another instance where another people has stood
up for one of ours,” the South African statesman said.
Cuba
also sent solders to fight against the U.S.
invasion of Grenada
during the Reagan era. Out of 800 Cubans, 59 were killed. More
recently, Cuba
sent doctors to Haiti
in the aftermath of Hurricane Matthew. Cuban physicians have been
providing assistance to their Caribbean neighbor since 1998.
And
today, Cuba offers free
medical school
to black and Latino Americans.
Meanwhile,
as Fidel Castro was helping African-American activists and providing
resources to fight for African liberation and empowerment, where was
the U.S. government? America supported the racist South African
regime and branded Nelson Mandela and his African National Congress
as terrorists. And to this day, African-Americans are fighting for
their rights against an onslaught of racial backlash and white
nationalism, with the government nowhere to protect them.
This
is not to romanticize Castro and paint him as a benevolent leader.
After all, he was not elected but rather was a brutal dictator.
According
to Human
Rights Watch,
the misguided U.S. embargo against the island nation provided a
pretext for Castro to maintain a system of repression that cracked
down on nearly all dissent, even as other nations moved away from
authoritarian rule. The group says “thousands of Cubans were
incarcerated in abysmal prisons, thousands more were harassed and
intimidated, and entire generations were denied basic political
freedoms” under his rule. And while Cuba made strides in
education and healthcare and achieved near-universal literacy, these
were undermined by repressive policies and periods of economic
hardship. Further, Castro refused to recognize human rights
organizations, labor unions, a free press or independent political
parties.
Now,
there are signs of change, and it is ironic that it was a black U.S.
president that took steps towards normalization of relations with
Cuba.
Meanwhile,
those who celebrate his passing should consider that Comandante Fidel
was a friend to black revolutionaries when no one else was there. At
a time when the U.S. waged a war against people of color at home and
abroad — and Malcolm X wanted to the UN to prosecute Uncle Sam
for human rights crimes — Castro stood by those who struggled
against racial oppression and colonialism. And that’s more than
you can say for some other people.
This
commentary originally appeared in The Grio
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