I
got the news as soon as I awoke Monday. Even though I knew he was
seriously ill, it still came as a shock. It seemed too soon, still
too much to do, and too many things I would still like to hear him
speak and write about, but now would be unspoken and unwritten. Tom
was a comrade in our same organization, Students for a Democratic
Society, and in the same battles for peace and justice before I got
to know him well enough to be among those he called his friends.
My
first indirect contact with him was through typewritten mimeographed
pages stapled together in an SDS pamphlet that sold for ten cents.
These were his writings as a student journalist and activist from the
front lines of the freedom struggle in Mississippi and Georgia. In
addition to his accounts of vivid battles in well-written prose, we
also got other deeper messages about commitment and physical courage.
It was not enough for us just to hold good opinions about social and
political matters. We had to be engaged, body and soul, willing to
be, as Tom was, on the receiving end of a billy club in Mississippi
or the insides of a Georgia jail. He inspired me and many others to
go to these battlegrounds ourselves and ‘put our bodies on the
line.’
Soon Tom had also written, together with Carl
Wittman, another mimeographed SDS pamphlet I read, titled ‘An
Inter-racial Movement of the Poor’. It was about the need to
get beyond the campuses and organize among those most in need, into
community-based organizations in the inner cities. Again indirectly,
he inspired me to visit an SDS community organizing project in
Cleveland on my way back to the University of Nebraska via
hitch-hiking. What I learned inspired our SDS chapter in Lincoln not
only to get our own mimeo machine, but to rent an ‘SDS House’
in the midst of Lincoln’s small Black and Native American
neighborhood, called ‘T-Town’ after 22nd and T street.
Hanging out on our porch there with our neighbors one afternoon, we
got the news that James Meredith had been shot attempting a ‘March
against Fear’ through Mississippi. Within hours, we had two
carloads, students and community folks, off to Memphis to continue
the March. Those experiences were powerful and changed my life. A few
months later I found myself elected to the SDS national office in
Chicago.
At the national office, I learned more about Hayden,
this time in regular print. We distributed, of course, the nicely
printed Port Huron Statement. One day I was thumbing through it, and
commented to Greg Calvert, “This is really well done,
especially the beginning, even if the last half is a bit reformist
for today.” Greg laughed, ‘that’s Hayden’s
writing. The beginning is all his, and that’s what turns
everyone on.”
My job at the NO was to focus on ‘internal
education’ and it meant visiting chapters, and over two years,
I must have visited 150 of them. This brings me to my next way of
knowing Tom, through black-and-white celluloid film. We had very
little money, so to travel, I took literature to sell and films to
show along the way, at each stop making enough to get to the next.
One of the films, about 30 minutes long, was called ‘Troublemakers.’
It was about our community project in Newark, and featured Tom, among
others. We got to see him at work, bringing people together, asking
lots of questions, drawing people out to feel comfortable with their
own ideas, and their own potential for political power. Tom was
always laid back, non-domineering, but still serving as a catalyst,
working toward united action. It was a good model for us who aspired
to be organizers.
My next knowledge of Tom was through the
newspapers. He had raised a ruckus by joining Herbert Aptheker of the
Communist Party and Staughton Lynd, a pacifist Yale history
professor, in going ‘behind enemy lines’ to North
Vietnam, to make a direct contact between the US peace movement and
‘the other side’ in Hanoi. Most of us SDSers had years
before decided that justice was on the side of the Vietnamese, so we
were quite pleased with the trip, even as the news pundits were
scandalized. We felt Tom had hit one out of the park with this move.
In fact, it changed his life, since on his return he shifted away
from local organizing among the poor to the larger and more intense
struggles that were developing around the escalating Vietnam war.
By
1968 I finally got together with Tom directly. We met, in of all
places, at the famous round bar at the top of the Havana Libre Hotel,
formerly the Hilton, made famous in pre-revolution days with the
likes of George Raft, Humphrey Bogart and others of their pack
hanging out there. We were both delegates to the international
Cultural Congress of Havana, and others at the bar those nights that
I met were Andre Gorz from France and Robin Blackburn of New Left
Review in the UK.
Then one night that week Tom and I got a
summons. Together with antiwar leader Dave Dellinger, we were to be
whisked off to a private meeting with Fidel Castro. We entered a car
with several soldiers and were treated to a topsy turvy high-speed
route around the city, finally ending up at an ordinary suburban
house, but with soldiers with machine guns in the shadows. ‘Sorry
for the security measures,’ one of the soldiers told us, ‘but
due to your CIA, we still have to practice the clandestine ways.’
Inside were Fidel, and two of his top people, ‘Red Beard’
and ‘The Doctor’, an official who had trained at Harvard.
They said little, but helped Fidel with translation, even though
Fidel understood English rather well. We discussed everything under
the Sun for a few hours, with Tom and Dave giving Fidel a full
account on the antiwar struggle. We asked about the fate of Che
Guevara and Regis DeBray, and Fidel wanted more of our opinions of
various political figures in Congress.
After those intense
days, I wasn’t in direct contact with Tom for some time. He had
continued his antiwar work through the battles in Chicago’s
Grant Park in 1968 and the ensuing trial, then with wife Jane Fonda,
their tireless efforts in the Indochina Peace campaign and the GI
coffee house movement. Finally he entered electoral politics,
eventually becoming a State Senator in California. I went a different
direction, through years at the Guardian then into the 1970s
‘party-building’ movement and several trips to China,
finally settling in Chicago, working in the election campaigns of
Harold Washington and Jesse Jackson, among other projects, especially
antiwar work.
As the war in Iraq unfolded and our movement
was growing around the state, we decided on a statewide meeting in
Champaign Urbana. I offered to get Tom to be the keynote speaker—he
had just written a book on Iraq—and he agreed, and did an
excellent job. In that speech, Tom made a deep lesson click in my
mind. Wars end in three ways: when the streets become ungovernable,
when the soldiers refuse to fight, and when a Congressional majority
refuses to pay for it. Pick all three, any two or any one of them.
But get to work. It’s not crowded up front.
Members of
the Campus Greens were at that conference, and I had given them some
space in my office for their national work on the Nader campaign. A
few months later, they invited both Tom and I to speak at their
national convention at the university in Lawrence, Kansas. My talk
was in a small group workshop, but with about 50 people, with Tom
listening in. It went well, with Tom later telling me ‘You have
a great way with stories.’ Tom spoke to a full auditorium the
next day. I sat in the back, taking it all in. He was in great form.
Both prose and poetry rolled off his tongue for over an hour,
covering everything, and his audience was both spellbound and
inspired. It was vintage Hayden, even through the long Q and A
session.
During my electoral and antiwar work in Chicago, we
helped a young guy named Barack Obama to get elected to the
statehouse, then got him to speak at our antiwar rallies, and elected
to the US Senate. After a major successful antiwar rally in 2007, I
decided to move back to the Pittsburgh area where I grew up, and
continue to organize there. Hayden knew about our antiwar work with
Obama, and one day he called me up, inviting me to be webmaster for
an independent media project, loosely connected to the Progressive
Democrats of America, called ‘Progressives for Obama.’ By
this time, I had moved from backing Kucinich to backing Obama, so I
readily agreed.
The next year was some of my most intense work
with Tom, with weekly, even daily, phone calls, and two trips to Los
Angeles. The web site project was both controversial on the left and
quite successful. Once the results were in, I recall Tom tearing up
at a TV shot of Michelle and the kids. ‘Watching them playing
on the White House lawn. Such a beautiful sight I never thought I’d
see.’
We both knew the fight was far from over. We now
simply had tough problems on another level. Tom focused on writing
about the danger of sectarian warfare breaking out between Sunni and
Shia in Iraq and elsewhere. I focused on building PDA and the
Congressional Progressive Caucus as groups that would give us some
clout at the base and in Congress. ‘You’re always the
organizer, Carl,’ he noted once. It was only partly true. I
knew the importance of organization, but I did better work as a
teacher and propagandist, aspiring to be one of Gramsci’s
‘organic intellectuals’ and ‘permanent persuaders.’
And Tom helped me to finally get one of my articles placed in The
Huffington Post.
Some people in my corner of the left had a
lot of criticisms of Tom, most superficial, like marrying Fonda,
others more serious, related to his electoral work. But I had a
different take, and I once told Tom it was the reason why we got
along. I surmised that he was never really a Marxist, and hence it
made no sense to me to find fault with him over not upholding this or
that Marxist view. Instead, I thought he was simply a consistent
radical democrat, a left populist fully in the American grain, and he
was quite good at it. Tom laughed and agreed, adding that I was one
of the hard Marxists he got along with, because I saw an open future,
not dogma, and was willing to get outside the box, like with our 1967
‘theory of the new working class.’
Tom and I
talked about other things we shared, like both being raised Catholic.
He told me he never learned until later in life why his middle name
was Emmet, after the Irish patriot. Due to the suffocating nature of
the 1950s, his parents had never told him why they picked this name,
due to fear. I told him my Catholicism was from the family’s
German side, and my Irish ancestors were largely Orangemen from
Ulster. We both agreed that if we had the Berrigan brothers as our
parish priests, we might still be deeply tied to the Church.
With
that in mind, some on the left were scornful of Tom’s visit to
the casket of Robert Kennedy, where he let the tears flow. For me, I
understood exactly where it was coming from, and it was a tribute to
Tom’s humanity. He inspired a militant minority, but he was
also never afraid of uniting a progressive majority, and even holding
out hope for common decency for a few at the top. If those hopes
failed to come through, or were answered only in small part, it was
not due to the radical authenticity of the man who held them. He will
be missed, and not just for a short time. He made many waves that
will rise and fall for some time to come.
|