Is
the opt-out movement coming to a community near you? The
traditionally white space, typically the purview of suburban white
parents, is an effort to remove students from the process of
standardized assessment testing. And now there is a move to
attract more Black and Latino families and bring them into the fold.
As Kimberly Hefling of Politico reported,
the parents involved in the movement gained steam even before the
policy of No Child Left Behind — which mandates annual testing — was
enacted by the Bush administration in 2002. In 2001, in the
affluent community of Scarsdale, New York, 100 eighth-grade parents
kept their children from taking a statewide exam, on the grounds that
the community’s academic standards were higher than those of the state.
While
white parents often have found themselves at odds with people of color
— believing they must attempt to flee from Black and Brown people in
order to secure a better education for their children — whites in the
opt-out movement are realizing the need to join forces.
In
February, the Opt Out United National conference took place in
Philadelphia. Shakeda Gaines, a Black mother of four who is
involved in Opt Out Philly, told Politico that this movement “can’t be
successful without the urban” parents’ participation. Gaines, who
shared her own child’s emotional challenges related to testing, said
that parents are “really getting trapped” by burdensome testing
policies and “they need to know what their rights are.”
The
proponents of opting out of standardized testing say they are demanding
more for their children, and that in poor communities, testing is
eating up scarce resources and time, and is even being used as a
motivation to close traditional schools in urban neighborhoods.
As a result, the argument holds, time and money is spent on teaching to
the test rather than on support services for children, counselors and
the like. And opt-out supporters believe these tests are being
used against them, their children and their communities.
Public
school advocates have expressed concern about the privatization of
education, with for-profit, corporate free-market principles being used
to pick winners and losers among schools, and ultimately among
children. They argue that charter schools and vouchers are
diverting resources away from public schools. According to Philly.com, the
Philadelphia school district pays about $7,000 for each student in a
charter school. Meanwhile, cities such as Philadelphia and
Chicago have also experienced a massive closure of public schools in
recent years, as charters have been expanded, and the public schools
have been underfunded.
As Valerie Straus wrote in the Washington Post last
January, the school reform movement has pointed to low standardized
test scores as proof that “America’s schools are poor” and that “other
countries are eating our lunch.” Under the argument that
competition is the key to quality, standardized testing has been the
key to school privatization. Make the cutoff “pass-fail” score
high enough to fail many or most students, and you prove the public
schools are not doing their job and must be shuttered or turned into a
for-profit operation.
Meanwhile, President Obama has
taken aim at the education-industrial-complex, warning that students
are spending too much time taking tests, which takes valuable time away
from learning. He urged teachers to administer fewer but more
meaningful exams.
While
the president said that testing in moderation can prove useful in
helping track progress and assist in students’ learning, he spoke of
the pressure facing teachers in teaching for the test — which detracts
from a student’s learning experience. As a result, parents are
concerned the exams are eating up too much time.
‘‘Learning
is about so much more than just filling in the right bubble,’’ Obama
said. ‘‘So we’re going to work with states, school districts,
teachers and parents to make sure that we’re not obsessing about
testing.”
As Politico noted,
civil rights groups believe the recruitment of parents of color into
the opt out movement is misguided. Luis Torres, director of
policy and legislation for the League of United Latin American
Citizens, called opt-out an unwelcome diversion.
“We
already have so much work to do to try to close the achievement gap
that this is a distraction,” Torres said. “It’s not Latino parents,
it’s not African-American parents. We don’t have the time to be wasting
trying to opt out. We need to know exactly how the kids are doing
because when they go to college, if they are not prepared it’s going to
cost people more money.”
And
Marc H. Morial, president of the National Urban League, argued last
year in “Phi Delta Kappa” magazine that these assessments, the quality
of which he said are improving, are useful to parents to know how their
children are doing in school.
This commentary originally appeared in the AtlantaBlackStar
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