The
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a trade agreement that most
Americans do not understand and probably have no interest in, but it
will have a profound effect on their lives, because, first of all, it
will determine to what extent the people will be able to affect the
way their countries will be governed and, even, how Americans will
live.
It’s
just a trade agreement, you might say, so how much could such an
agreement affect me? First, we need a little history about trade
among nations. It used to be that trade by U.S. corporations was
guided by treaties that were negotiated and then approved by the
Congress. For the powers that be, treaties were kind of messy
affairs, because the Congress itself was kind of messy. The debates
and discussions were on the floor and in public. The people did have
a chance to see what was happening.
Since
about the mid-1930s, most trade agreements have been negotiated by
the executive branch (the president) and, in recent years, there has
been added a trick called “fast track.” Fast track is a
technique in which the executive and its representatives negotiate
one of these trade deals and they ask the Congress to vote for “fast
tracking” the deal which means agreeing to wait until the
language is final and then Congress votes for the complete package or
it rejects the deal. Up or down. No changes can be made at that
point. You can see how the pressure on the members of Congress would
tend to cause them to vote for the agreement, even if they didn’t
like the terms.
Americans
are faced with that kind of situation with the TPP right now, having
narrowly approved a fast track for the deal this past summer. They
only thing for them to do now is either approve the deal as delivered
or reject it.
TPP,
like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the 1990s,
has been sold as a document that would open up trade and would be a
great benefit to the U.S. and all of the other dozen Pacific Rim
trading partners. NAFTA was a three-country deal, among Canada, the
U.S., and Mexico. In the first year after NAFTA was signed, Canada
reported losing 500,000 jobs to the lower-wage country to its direct
south. If the U.S. had lost a commensurate percentage of jobs, it
would have lost 5 million jobs. It may not have been that many, but
the U.S. did lose jobs, because of NAFTA and other reasons.
Mexico
perhaps suffered the most in that deal, because it opened up that
economy to the subsidized agricultural products from the U.S., which
included corn, a staple in the Mexican diet. Also, U.S. industrial
poultry producers were allowed to dump chickens on the Mexican market
that put untold numbers of peasant farmers out of business and off
the land. The flow north of Mexicans looking for work to feed their
families followed in the ensuing years.
NAFTA
never delivered on its promise and the promise of President Bill
Clinton that it would benefit the nation and American workers. The
so-called free trade deals have consistently failed to provide
benefits to American workers, since each deal has had its own way of
facilitating the race to the bottom, and workers in the U.S. have
been forced to compete with workers in other countries.
The
TPP has been called “NAFTA on steroids,” because of what
it will do to American life, in general. American production workers
will be in competition with workers in, say, Vietnam, where the
average hourly pay is 35 cents. There are a few countries in the TPP
that feature that starvation level of pay. But that’s not all.
The
TPP has been called by many a “corporate coup d’etat”
or an “assault on democracy,” in that the nation’s
sovereignty, which Americans have taken for granted would be
eliminated and disputes that arise would be decided by a tribunal and
no court would be able to intervene and tribunal decisions would be
final.
It
isn’t just jobs and the U.S. standard of living that are at
stake, but Americans’ right to decide how they are going to be
governed is also in the bargain. For example, any city, county,
state, school district, or any other governmental entity that adopted
a “buy local” ordinance or law could, if discovered, be
brought to a tribunal. The issue: The city or village would be
charged with denying the corporation the profits it believes it
could make by selling the product. Forget any law that
prohibits genetically modified crops or food. Forget environmental
protection laws that might interfere with the profits of a foreign
corporation. Forget worker protection laws that might cut into the
profits of the same corporation. Whoever dares to do that could be
subject to being called before a TPP tribunal.
The
TPP is loaded with such language, involving such things as
development and sales of drugs (intellectual property rights), green
jobs, food safety laws, pollution controls, freedom of the Internet,
and any other law or action that might diminish the profits of a
foreign corporation in a country that is a party to the agreement.
At this time, the language is still being analyzed and it will be a
while before the full impact is understood by those who will bear the
brunt of its chapters, the American people.
Now
the full agreement is revealed and, of the 29 chapters, only five
actually address trade issues. All of the rest are, in one way or
another, aimed at laying out the rights of corporations in all of the
trading partners, which are, in addition to the U.S., Australia,
Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru,
Singapore, and Vietnam. The final product was the work of
governmental officials and negotiators, along with some 500-600
corporate types who were termed “advisors” and who were
privy to the talks and the language when even the members of Congress
were not allowed to see it. And, they were able to hold off Congress
members for six years.
According
to Public Citizen’s analysis, “U.S. TPP negotiators
literally used the 2011 Korea FTA (Free Trade Agreement), under which
exports have fallen and trade deficits have surged, as the template
for the TPP.”
The
loss of democratic control of their government’s trade policies
should be seen by Americans as just another extension of the loss of
their democratic rights in the governing of their nation. More often
than not, legislation is negotiated or fully written in secret,
either by elected officials or by private entities (such as the
American Legislative Exchange Council, which is funded by
corporations, millionaires, and billionaires), the deals are cut, and
the laws are passed. While that process is not quite as secretive as
that of the TPP, laws are often passed in the shadows of the centers
of power. It may have always been that way to a great extent, but in
recent years, the centers of power have been bought and paid for by
the corporations and the wealthy.
Most
recently, a further tremendous loss of citizen power has been the
U.S. Supreme Court’s Citizens United decision, which
gives overweening power to the rich and their corporations, which, in
turn, rule the U.S. As a result, Congress is crawling with corporate
lobbyists, wandering its halls with bags of “campaign”
money. It is difficult to hear a description of how the TPP was
formulated and negotiated and completed without thinking of the way
the U.S. is run…more and more like a giant corporation. Lest
we forget, the sole purpose of a corporation is to make money for its
shareholders, after first having paid huge sums to top management and
their minions, who shield them from the wrath of the people. For
that shielding, they are paid rather well, but they are not respected
as part of the ruling class.
If
the Congress approves the TPP (and they won’t be able to change
any of the language as it is, now that they have narrowly approved
fast track), there is no reason to believe that anything will be any
better for the working class and the middle class. The power over
every citizen’s life will be nearly complete, since the TPP
simply puts the icing on the cake of the previously approved “free
trade” agreements, which circumscribed the lives of citizens of
every signatory nation to those agreements. Corporations now tell
people what they will eat, how much education they will get, whether
they will live in their own houses, what medicines they will be able
to afford, which rivers and lakes will be safe, how clean the air
over their cities will be, to name a few issues.
Working
class Americans should be very alarmed about the possible passage
(all of the governing bodies of the nations involved have to approve,
as well) of the TPP by the Congress, because they will be directly
competing with workers who make a fraction of their wages. As
well, there are those in the middle class who are feeling the
downward pressure of the economy and will soon join the working
class, if they haven’t already joined it.
If
you are comfortable with the consolidation of political and economic
power into fewer and fewer hands, the TPP might not worry you. But
it is worth seeking out more information, before even more U.S. jobs
are “off shored.” This will take great effort by every
concerned citizen, to bolster the efforts of individuals and groups
that have taken the lead in fighting to defeat this agreement, by
contacting members of Congress.
For
more information: Public Citizen and its Global Trade Watch, at
www.citizen.org;
Flush the TPP, at www.flushthetpp.org,
or www.stopthetpp.org,
a project of the Communications Workers of America, AFL-CIO. Your
job may depend on it and the way you want to live your life may be
affected in a major way. It’s worth getting involved.
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